Blender 2.49/Beginning Tips: различия между версиями

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These are some basic tips that are often asked for in one form or another. Sometimes it is in reference to something completely different, but the basic methodology will work.
These are some basic tips that are often asked for in one form or another. Sometimes it is in reference to something completely different, but the basic methodology will work.
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Это несколько простых советов, за которыми часто обращаются в той или иной форме. Иногда для того чтобы сделать что-то совсем другое, но в основоном все будет работать также.
Это несколько простых советов, за которыми часто обращаются в той или иной форме. Иногда для того чтобы сделать что-то совсем другое, но в основном всё будет работать также.


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Версия от 19:40, 7 декабря 2009

Буду переводить


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Это несколько простых советов, за которыми часто обращаются в той или иной форме. Иногда для того чтобы сделать что-то совсем другое, но в основном всё будет работать также.

Начинаем с куба

Default cube

Главы в этом учебнике часто начинаются с куба, который виден в Blender по умолчанию сразу после запуска. Это два способа вернуться к начальному состоянию без перезапуска программы:

  • Ctrl-X (while holding the Ctrl key, press the X key);
  • or select File -> New from the menu.

Then, you will see a prompt box asking OK? under your mouse pointer. You can confirm that you want to erase your current scene by clicking Erase All (or move the mouse around to dismiss it).

The cube shows as a square in the 3D viewport. If you rotate the view with MMB (middle mouse button), you'll see it is actually a cube. It is selected by default.

Информация

You can change the default scene (and return to a personalized one when clicking on Ctrl-X). Just modify the scene and arrange dialogs to suit your needs, then click File > Save Default Settings. Your current scene will now be used as the default when you click File > New. This is very handy indeed. To return to factory defaults, you can delete the file which contains those settings: .B.blend in your home directory. Starting from version 2.44, a new Load Factory Settings item is available from the File menu.

Разделение поверхности

Subdivision surfaces, or subsurfing, is a common technique in 3D modeling. It uses a mathematical process of simulating a curved plane in space according to the placement of control points, or vertices. What this means is that you can create an object with a smooth surface that is easily controlled by relatively few vertices.

Добавление модификаторов подповерхности

The Subsurf modifier

First, select the cube. Now choose the Editing panel set:

  • click on the icon in the panel list:
  • or press F9.

If you're not seeing a bunch of windows in the button view panel, such as Link and Materials, Mesh, Multires, Modifiers, Shapes, then there's a good chance you haven't got the cube itself selected. Press AKEY to select all.

In the Modifiers window, click on the Add Modifier button and select Subsurf. Click on the area to the right of Levels:1 to increase the subsurf level. With each increment the cube becomes more smooth, and more planes are added. If you hit apply the original form of the cube becomes lost. If you don't apply the changes they remain on the cube as if it was a filter, of sorts. The remaining examples on this page will be dependent on not applying the Subsurf.

Levels set to 1
Levels set to 2



Но я хочу куб!

Often, you will want to render with your model having some sort of subsurf turned on. Face it, most things in real life just do not have super sharp edges. Unless the object is a knife edge, objects in the real world will have some sort of softer edge on it. It is just this fact that is often overlooked by people starting out in 3D: CG can sometimes look too perfect, resulting from impossibly sharp, clean, and well defined edges.

This effect can be fixed by telling Blender that we want our cube to retain more of its original shape. We'll do this using a tool called Edge Creasing. Each edge in a Blender model has a crease value associated with it, which is used to tell the Subsurf modifier how sharp we want that edge to be. By default, all edges have a crease of 0, which is why our cube has lost all its sharp edges.

Show subdivision surface's cage

Subsurfed cube in Edit mode

Now, remember what we said about the Subsurf modifier remembering our original cube shape? Press TAB to go into edit mode and you'll see that the original cube has come back to haunt us as a wire frame around the smoothed cube.

Before we fiddle with the creasing, set the Subsurf Levels up to "4" so you can see the effect more clearly.

Choose an edge to crease

Enter face mode by either:

  • Place the cursor in the 3D View → CTRL+TAB → choose Faces
  • Change to Edit Mode [1] → click Blender Face button (Face Mode Icon).

Select one of the sides of our wire cube with RMB by clicking near the dot in the center of the face. You'll know when it's been selected because the other faces will change colour to grey, and the face you've selected will be highlighted.

Note that, although we are in Face mode, it is really the edges that we are creasing; selecting a face is just a quick way of selecting its four edges.

Crease selected edges

Editing edge creases

Now create a SubSurf by either:

  • Press SHIFT+E
  • Select Mesh → Edges → Crease SubSurf.

Your mouse will be tied to the cube with a dotted line. Move it gently left and right to see the effect it has on the mesh.

In the style of Blender, click LMB to apply the changes, or RMB to cancel creasing.


Finally build a real box

All edges creased for a bevelled effect

Either cancel the above edge crease or start from scratch to get back to our simple subsurfed cube. Then press the A key twice to select all faces. Crease them with SHIFT+E like before, until your cube looks like the image on the right.

Press TAB to cancel out of edit mode. Behold: your smooth cube.


Сноски

  1. ^  You can change to Edit Mode by selecting it from the drop down list on the 3D Viewport's header. Or, you can toggle between the current mode, and Edit Mode by using TAB.


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